Summary: New findings reveal that the brain’s serotonin system is made up of multiple parallel pathways that affect the brain in different, and sometimes opposing, ways.

A 3D rendering of the serotonin system in the left hemisphere of the mouse brain reveals two groups of serotonin neurons in the dorsal raphe that project to either cortical regions (blue) or subcortical regions (green) while rarely crossing into the other’s domain. (Image credit: Jing Ren)