NSF has long supported research at the frontiers in cognitive science and neuroscience achieved by cross-disciplinary teams across the U.S., often in close cooperation with international partners. Recently NSF made its first round of Next Generation Networks for Neuroscience. Shown here are mouse brain cells labeled with Brainbow and visualized with expansion microscopy, captured by Edward Boyden of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Albert-Laszlo Barabasi of Northeastern University, who received an award from the NSF Integrative Strategies for Understanding Neural and Cognitive Systems (NCS) program earlier this year. Credit: Ed Boyden, MIT